翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Russula graveolens ・ Russula herrerae ・ Russula heterophylla ・ Russula illota ・ Russula integra ・ Russia–Uzbekistan relations ・ Russia–Vanuatu relations ・ Russia–Venezuela relations ・ Russia–Vietnam relations ・ Russia–Yemen relations ・ Russia–Zambia relations ・ Russia–Zimbabwe relations ・ Russicada ・ Russie.NEI.Visions in English ・ Russification ・ Russification of Finland ・ Russification of Ukraine ・ Russikon ・ Russillo and Kanell ・ Russin ・ Russinho ・ Russische Lieder ・ Russism ・ Russka (novel) ・ Russkaja ・ Russkaya Beseda ・ Russkaya Koshka ・ Russkaya Mysl ・ Russkaya Polyana ・ Russkaya Pravda Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Russification of Finland ： ウィキペディア英語版 Russification of Finland The policy of Russification of Finland (1899–1905 and 1908–1917, called ''sortokaudet/sortovuodet'' (times/years of oppression) in Finnish and ''förtrycksperioderna'' in Swedish) was a governmental policy of the Russian Empire aimed at limiting the special status of the Grand Duchy of Finland and possibly the termination of its political autonomy and cultural uniqueness. It was a part of a larger policy of Russification pursued by late 19th–early 20th century Russian governments which tried to abolish cultural and administrative autonomy of non-Russian minorities within the empire. The two Russification campaigns evoked widespread Finnish resistance, starting with petitions and escalating to strikes, passive resistance (including draft resistance) and eventually active resistance. Finnish opposition to Russification was one of the main factors that ultimately led to Finland's declaration of independence in 1917. == Under Tsarist Russia == Russia attacked Sweden in 1808, in what became later known as the "War of Finland". In 1809 the lost territory of Sweden became the Grand Duchy of Finland in the Russian Empire.〔Grand Duchy of Finland〕 In 1809 the Finnish Diet recognized Tsar Alexander I as Grand Duke. For his part, Alexander confirmed the rights of the Finns, in particular, promising freedom to pursue their customs, religion, and to maintain their identity: :"''Providence having placed us in possession of the Grand Duchy of Finland, we have desired by the present act to confirm and ratify the religion and the fundamental laws of the land, as well as the privileges and rights which each class in the said Grand Duchy in particular, and all the inhabitants in general, be their position high or low, have hitherto enjoyed according to the constitution. We promise to maintain all these benefits and laws firm and unshaken in their full force''."〔Johnson, A.; Bickford, C., Hudson, W., Dole, N. ''Cyclopedic Review of Current History. Volume 9. Garretson, Cox & Co. 1899'' page 198 and following〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Russification of Finland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.